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Spain

Long weekend in Bilbao

A post industrial ‘hole’ reborn as a cultural hub with world-famous art and architecture. Surrounded by beautiful countryside, the historic city centre boasts a buzzing and delectable gourmet food scene. The city is Basque but ever so European. In early September I enjoyed a long weekend in Bilbao with my Dad.

Day 1: a Basque welcome and pintxos in the old town

The airport bus (€3) whizzes you to the centre, past the shining Guggenheim, into the new town, El Ensanche. From our hotel (Barcelo Bilbao), which sits across the river Nervion, it’s a short stroll to the old town, Casco Viejo.

Before we get far we are enticed by La Tortilla, an unassuming bar beside the baroque ayuntamiento (city hall). Busy with smiling locals, we can’t resist a caña (the standard beer serving in Spain – usually less than a half a pint). Unlike the other Basques, we are served in larger glasses, the attentive barman assuming our northern European tastes correctly.

Upon hearing we’re Irish, a proud Basque woman inserts herself and insists on buying us another round, remarking on our shared history and nationhood. Unable to properly express our gratitude (‘gracias’ doesn’t cut it here..), she teaches us the Basque (or Euskera) for thank you:

Eskerrik asko

Later the old town, with its evocative narrow streets, buzzes with activity. Revellers congregate in and out of the multitude of bars, beer in one hand and a pintxo in the other. Bilbao is somewhere to stand, enjoying good company, excellent food and refreshing beer. 

We pop from bar to bar, getting a flavour of each place. We try Baster (rammed), Gure Toki (innovative and creative) and Bar Charli (excellent vegetarian options). All are excellent.

The heart of the pintxo scene is on Plaza Nuevo –  an attractive arcaded neoclassical square – breaking that rule that the more scenic the location the worse the food. 

Day 2: Guggenheim & funicular to Artxanda

After breakfast in Cafe Kovac, we stroll down the waterfront to the Guggenheim. Our cultural appetites are whetted by the myriad of sculptures along the way. Indeed, the city’s streets boast 150 different sculptures of varying styles. 

The Guggenheim shimmers in the sunlight. The wavy titanium structure designed by Frank Gehry was inaugurated in 1997 and is said to have sparked the city’s regeneration and emergence as a global centre for art. 

Maman spider Louise Bourgeois Guggenheim
Maman sculpted by Louise Bourgeois

On the first level, Richard Serra’s’ immersive steel structures have a dizzying effect. Upstairs, Norman Foster’s curated auto show makes even the least enthusiastic fall in love with the car. The exhibition artfully tells the story as to how the automobile has shaped our landscape and has exerted such an influence on the 20th century. My dad has a story that he can relate to each car on show.

Eschewing some of the more touristy options, lunch is across the road at Mazerreo, a local fish restaurant that faces the waterfront,  where we avail of their excellent and economical menu del dia.  Dishes include sardines, grilled sea bass and the highlight – mamitaka de pulpo, a traditional fish stew, first popularised on the fishing boats that scoured the Bay of Biscay – washed down with chilled Rioja.

In the afternoon, we cross Calatrava’s inviting curved footbridge to reach the funicular which ferries us up to the summit of Artxanda. Bilbao is steeply enclosed by mountains meaning that within moments of setting off, we’re enveloped in thick foliage and countryside. From the top, the views of the estuary and surrounding mountains are spectacular and give a sense of the city’s maritime past. Before descending, we polish off a basque cake in Restaurante Txakoli, a traditional basque building first built at the end of the 19th century as a refuge for mountaineers and shepherds.

Dinner is at Los Fueros in the old town near Plaza Nueva. Traditional dishes are served in a rustic and stylish setting with green mosaic tiles. Their pipparas – tempura style green peppers – are morish, and superbly complemented by our waiter’s recommended white wine – a local txakoli named Señorío de Otxaran. One to note down.

Day 3: Mercado Ribera & the museum quarter

We explore the evocative old town further, popping into the 14th century gothic cathedral, Bilbao’s oldest building, and later the riverside Mercado Ribera, which humms with activity. Aglow with natural light and art deco stained glass windows, upstairs is dedicated to fresh produce while downstairs is aflush with stylish pincho bars.

Ambling across the new town, designed and built in the latter half of the 19th century, we take in the the modernist architecture, most impressive is Txabarri’s Palace on the central Moyua square – built in 1894 to resemble the renaissance palaces found in Brugge and Antwerp. Today it houses Spain’s central government. A Spanish flag flutters above the door, the first one I’ve seen since arriving in the autonomous region.

Before continuing the tourist trail, we fuel up in Continental Cafe, a classy establishment just outside of the Park Dona Casilda, around which is the museum quarter. The city is quiet on this Saturday afternoon; many have sought to escape the unseasonal heat. The two locals beside me, more used to drizzly rain, lament the hot weather,

‘Over 30 degrees is simply not normal for this time of year’, they tell me.

The elegant victorian park was established in 1907 as an English style garden and is the heart of the museum quarter. First up, the Itsasmuseum, set amid the former shipyard, tells the story of Bilbao through its maritime past – from its establishment as a vital trading post for Castile to its role as a global shipbuilding hub. It doesnt disappoint.

Across the park, the Museo de Bellas Artes is top class. Once considered a location for Picasso’s Guernica, the gallery hosts a comprehensive and excellently curated collection of Basque, Spanish and European art. Most interesting is the western wing in which each room juxtaposes a Basque artist with a an artist of global renown. For example, San Sebastian’s Chillida face to face with the German renaissance’s Durer.

To end the night, we scoff more pintxos in the classy Casa Victor Montes on Plaza Nuevo. Perched on the marble top bar, with uniformed waiters ferrying morish bites to and fro, glinting glass hanging above us and surrounded by an impressive wine and whiskey collection, it’s a culinary and sensory delight.

Day 4: day-trip to San Sebastian

On Sundays the Plaza del Arenal across from the opulent baroque opera house, Teatro Arriaga, hosts a flower market and flea market. We build up an appetite as we potter around, later satiated by tostados with shredded tomato and serrano ham – making my Dad jealous as to how I like to start my day since moving to Spain.

Our plan is to spend the afternoon in San Sebastian, the resort town about 100km east towards France. We take the metro, designed by Norman Foster – a sleek marriage of function and form, to the bus station, which too is clean and aesthetically pleasing. The corrugated red edifice, which is modern, spacious and clean, contrasts with so many Spanish bus stations, most of which are grim. In general the investment in public transport in Bilbao, which is only a mid-sized city, puts other bigger cities – (e.g. Dublin) – to shame.

Unfortunately a Sunday trip to San Sebastian isn’t an original idea – the hourly buses are very popular, meaning we have to wait until later in the afternoon to secure seats. Booking in advance is advised.

San Sebastian is a delight. A perfect crescent bay backed by elegant tall sandstone buildings. It evokes the ‘golden age’ of tourism when overseas trips were the preserve of the aristocratic. Hotel Londres, a former palace that gleams on the promenade, encapsulates this period.

The town feels grander than Bilbao, not least due to the spectacular ornate golden lions that greet you as you cross the river to the old town. As we amble towards the beach, the streets are thronging – it’s an exuberant party atmosphere. Progressive political slogans hang across the buildings.

San Sebastian has the highest ratio of Michelin stars to population in Europe and our chosen restaurant – Xarma – is top quality. Intimate decor: hanging skiffs and light bulbs. We share an exquisite gazpacho and I devour a smoky steak accompanied by a roasted pepper. Our friendly waitress remarks that competition has driven up standards.  

Back in Bilboa, it’s the evocative and moorish influenced Cafe Urina, where we snack on succulent kebabs, and take advantage of the good beer selection. We finish our final night at Gin Fizz where the very friendly mixologist masterly prepares cocktails based on customer requests. The spirit collection is unrivalled.

Day 5: breakfast before parting ways

Before we go our separate ways, we breakfast in Asuaberri Obrador, a quality bakery close to where the airport bus departs. As I board my plane, Dad sends me a message from the craft-beer emporium, Basquery. A father and son weekend well spent.  

Categories
Spain

Five wars that shaped Spain

Travelling across Spain you can’t help but be struck by the marks, physical and cultural, left by the different armies and empires that have marched through the peninsula.  

Many of the churches started as Roman temples, were converted into mosques during the reign of the Moors, became Christian during the ‘Reconquista’ and are pockmarked by the scars of the Spanish Civil War. The Castellano language, spoken by 500 million people, derived from the common Latin dialect spoken by the Romans and is liberally peppered with Arabic influences.  

Pivotal in establishing the rise and fall of the different powers that have laid claim to modern day Spain are the numerous wars fought in and outside of the region. This post introduces five wars that shaped Spain and have had an irrevocable influence on modern-day history. 

The 2nd Punic War (218 – 201 BC) 

The 2nd Punic War was the second of a series of conflicts fought between Carthage and Rome vying for dominance over the Mediterranean. In 219 BC Carthage, under Hannibal, controlled the majority of the Iberian peninsula. Looking to further consolidate his power, Hannibal captured Saguntum, a pro-Roman city on the east-coast of Spain near modern day Valencia, sparking Rome to declare war in response. My day-trip to Sagunto is covered in this post.

map 2nd punic war
Map of Europe on the eve of the 2nd Punic War

With Roman dominance of the sea, Hannibal famously marched his army across the Alps, achieving a series of early victories and establishing control in vast parts of Italy. After Rome took drastic steps to raise a new army, the tide began to turn. The Romans gradually recaptured the rest of Italy and used their momentum to take the offensive in Iberia. At the Battle of Ilipa (near modern day Seville), Rome won a decisive victory, forever ending the Carthaginian presence in Iberia and beginning a Roman occupation that would last for the next 700 years. 

The Granada War (1482 – 1492 AD) 

For the early part of the 8th century to the end of the 15th century, the Moors had a significant presence in Iberia, reaching their heyday in the 10th century, controlling almost all of the peninsula, with its capital, Cordoba, Europe’s biggest and most cultured city. The Moors endowed Spain with palaces, mosques, universities, public baths and had a profound influence on culture, including language and food, (cultivating oranges for the first time on the continent – see my post on Agua de Valencia, the orange juice based cocktail).  

View of Granada from the Alhambra, the Muslim palace

The Reconquista – a series of campaigns by Christian kingdoms to recapture Muslim (or Moorish) territory – ended successfully with the fall of Granada. By the late 15th century, Granada was the last state under Moorish control, the other territories long since captured by the Christians. In 1492, following a series of military campaigns over the previous decade, the Catholic monarchs – Isabel and Fernando – triumphantly strode into the city, ending the last remnant of Islamic rule. With the peninsula secured, the monarchs turned the attention outward. 1492 was the same year that Christopher Columbus would set sail to the Americas. 

The War of the Spanish Succession (1701 – 1714 AD) 

In the 17th century Spain was a nation of contrasts. A vast empire with global clout at odds with a weak and backward economy run by a conservative church and idle nobility. In 1700, the sickly king, Carlos the 2nd, died without a direct heir, igniting the war of the Spanish Succession, contested by Felipe of the Bourbon dynasty and Charles of Habsburgs. Whoever held the throne would control Spain, parts of Italy and the low countries, the Philippines and chunks of the Americas. With the balance of power in Europe at risk, all of the main European powers were drawn into the conflict. 

battle vigo bay spanish succession
Battle of Vigo Bay during the War of the Spanish Succession from the Rijksmuseum, painted in 1705

After over a decade of battles across Europe and North America, the war was concluded with the Treaty of Utrecht, which would grant the Spanish throne to Felipe V (a direct ascendant of the current Spanish royal family), but Spain would have to give up its possessions in the Low Countries and Italy, and cede Gibraltar and Menorca to Britain, marking its ascension as a global power and Spain’s colonial peak.

The Spanish American War (1898 AD) 

For much of the 19th century Spain was deeply divided, backward and insular. Internal conflicts raged between liberals who sought democratic reforms and conservative forces representing the church and nobility that wanted to preserve the status quo. By the end of the century, Spain was weak and barely able to hold itself together, leaving its remaining oversea possessions vulnerable.  

spanish america war 1898 cuba
“The duty of the hour; – to save her not only from Spain, but from a worse fate”, designed by Louis Dalrymple

In the 1890s Cuba was agitating for independence from Spain. The United States spotting an opportunity to expand its influence, demanded Spanish withdrawal, leading to the Spanish declaring war in response. The ensuing conflict was very one-sided, with the Spanish unprepared to fight a modern navy. The peace treaty forced Spain to renounce its remaining overseas colonies – Guam, Puerto Rico, Cuba and the Philippines – and shocked the Spanish psyche, prompting a period of inward reflection and evaluation of Spanish society, later called the generation of 1898.

The Spanish Civil War (1936 – 1939 AD) 

The war was a long time coming, with society ruptured by gross inequalities and deep class divisions. As in the previous century, the first part of the 20th century saw Spain mired in a struggle between left and right, with neither able to maintain an upper hand.  

In 1936, conservative forces led by General Franco attempted a military coup against the democratically Republican government of Spain. This triggered a bloody civil war that would last for three years, with atrocities committed on both sides. The Nationalists, as Franco’s rebels called themselves, received extensive support from Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany, while the Republicans were initially aided by the Soviet Union and the International Brigades, volunteers from Europe and the United States.

After a war that split communities, friends and families and caused between 350,000 to 500,000 deaths, Franco marched in to Madrid in the Spring of 1939, declaring the conflict over and started a dictatorship that would last until 1975. 

Guernica spanish civil war
Destruction in Guernica after the air raid in 1937

The political and emotional reverberations transcended the national conflict. The Civil War was a precursor to World War 2, representing an international conflict between tyranny and democracy, fascism and freedom, and depending on the perspective, communism and civilization. For Germany and Italy, Spain was an opportunity to test new methods of tank and air warfare.  See my post on the air shelters in Valencia that inspired the El Refugio restaurant

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Spain Valencia

El Refugio restaurant: a Valencian ‘revolution’

Named for the Spanish civil war air shelter directly opposite, El Refugio restaurant offers innovative and cosmopolitan tapas in a warm and convivial atmosphere. Embedded in the bohemian and medieval barrio of El Carmen, El Refugio prides itself on ‘guarding against uniformity’ in its gastronomy. 

El Refugio restaurant

The menu is eclectic: prawn gyozas, sea bass ceviche, Vietnamese summer rolls, cochinita pibil, “Iberican” pastrami. Global dishes benefiting from Mediterranean fresh produce. We wanted it all. If the usual Spanish tapas is starting to feel repetitive, this is the place for you. 

We opted for duck and apple croquetas with mango sauce (creamy, moreish with zing), grilled aubergine drizzled with miso sauce and a dollop of cream fraiche on a bed of cous-cous (bursting with flavour: sweet, salty and meaty), and Argentinian skirt steak (tender and succulent) served with chimichurri and eye-catching Peruvian blue potatoes. Washed down with a Valencian red. Desert was a re-imagined tiramisu with apricot and dulce de leche. 

Everything was devoured in a lively and intimate ambience. The inimitable and playful proprietor buzzed around nurturing a friendly atmosphere. Everyone seemed to be smiling. Arresting art-work decorated the brick walls (the restaurant exhibits a new local artist periodically). The fun of the open-kitchen seeped across the tables. It’s one of my favourite restaurants in Valencia. 

We had four dishes (including one desert) and a bottle of wine. The total came to c. 60 euro. Almost all dishes on the menu are shareable. 

History of the Refugios

In 1936 as the Spanish Civil War raged, the capital of the 2nd Republic moved from Madrid to Valencia. The Mediterranean city quickly became a major target for bombing, a forerunner for the indiscriminate civilian targeting that would happen in London and Dresden within a few years. In an effort to protect the city’s populace, over 50 ‘refugios’, or bomb shelters, were constructed.

Today the surviving refugios with their iconic Art Deco lettering are a vivid symbol of the city’s resilience in adversity. One surviving shelter, on Calle de Alta, would become the restaurant’s inspiration, motivated by their very own “cooking revolution”.

During the civil war, the city was bombed more than 400 times, often by the Italian air force, resulting in the deaths of 800 people, 3,000 injuries and the destruction of 900 buildings.

Further information

Address: Calle Alta 42, El Carmen
Opening times: Thursday to Saturday – 2pm – 4pm / 8.30pm – 11pm; Sundays – 2pm – 4pm.
Website: www.refugiorestaurante.com